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{{H:h {{#if: Help|Help|Help}}|system admin toc|enname=}}
Because the documentation in the source tree is sparse and the code is scary, here's some info for new developers on generally how the <a href="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> software works.
The database (see also <a href="Mw:Manual:database layout">mw:Manual:database layout</a>) contains the <a href="Help:Filling the page">wikitext</a> of the pages and various auxiliary information about pages, users, etc. It also contains all previous versions of all pages, as the MediaWiki software maintains its own version control system. The growing database size for Wikipedia's largest languages is shown <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wikistats/EN/PlotDatabaseSize1.png">here</a> and database dumps (not including user passwords) can be downloaded <a href="http://download.wikimedia.org/">here</a>. As of February 2005, the current revision of all pages of the English Wikipedia holds 3 GB data and 500 MB index (download as 500 MB compressed dump) while the full database holds 80 GB data and 3 GB index (download as 29 GB compressed dump).
When viewing a page, XHTML code may be taken from cache; if not, first the templates, parser functions and variables are expanded. This gives the <a href="Help:Expansion">expanded</a> wikitext, an intermediate result which can be seen with <a href="Special:ExpandTemplates">Special:ExpandTemplates</a>, and depends on:
- the wikitext
- the <a href="Help:Template">templates</a> directly or indirectly referred to
- the <a href="Help:Parser function">parser functions</a> directly or indirectly referred to
- the values of <a href="Help:Variable">variables</a> directly or indirectly referred to
Next, this expanded wikitext is converted to <a href="W:XHTML">XHTML</a> code (see also <a href="M:XHTML">m:XHTML</a>); it is sent to the user, and contains references to CSS, JavaScript, and image files. The user can see this intermediate result by applying the "view source" option of the browser. The XHTML code for a given page depends on:
- the expanded wikitext
- the mode, such as viewing or editing (see below).
- the existence of internally linked pages (gives view or edit link)
- the skin and other user preferences
- the user name itself
- the status of the user (more links if a sysop, etc.)
- the <a href="Help:Namespace">namespace</a> (determines the link to the Talk page, or in the case of a Talk page, the page concerned)
- whether the page is watched by the user (gives watch or unwatch link)
- whether the user's Talk page has been recently edited (gives a message)
Finally, the browser renders the XHTML, using the files it refers to. The result the user sees on the screen depends on:
- the XHTML code
- files referred to by the XHTML code, such as embedded images, server-side CSS files, and JavaScript files.
- the browser and browser settings, including possibly a local CSS file, and the screen resolution.
Example: the wikitext of a page is <a href="Help:Link">help:link</a>, the expanded wikitext is <a href="Help:Link">help:link</a>, the XML is <a href="/wiki/Help:Link" title="Help:Link">help:link</a> (and a lot more outside the page body), and the rendering is <a href="Help:Link">help:link</a> (ditto).
If Javascript is active responding to an event such as a mouse click, the page on the screen depends also on these events. This applies for example in the case of a sortable table.
When the user presses the Edit button, the wikitext itself is sent to them, of the whole page or of one section only. When the user presses Preview, their new version of the wikitext is sent to the server, which sends the corresponding new version of the XHTML code, which is rendered again and displayed above or below the user's new version of the wikitext (which the server has also returned). After possibly more changes and more previews, the user presses Save, sending their "final" version to the server, which now records the edit and sends the XHTML of the new version (again). In some cases also an <a href="Help:Automatic conversion of wikitext">automatic conversion of wikitext</a> takes place in this stage.
See also <a href="Help:Downloading pages#Downloading a MediaWiki page">Differences between wikitext and the webpage</a>.
General architecture
| User layer | <a href="W:web browser">web browser</a> | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Network layer |
| |||
| Logic layer |
| |||
| Data layer |
|
See also: <a href="Mw:How to become a MediaWiki hacker">How to become a MediaWiki hacker</a>
For Wikimedia, see also <a href="Wikimedia servers">Wikimedia servers</a>.
